Pius X

Saint Pius X, born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto in 1835, served as Pope from 1903 to 1914 under the motto Instaurare omnia in Christo — to restore all things in Christ. He is the great reformer of Catholic liturgical life: his motu proprio Tra le sollecitudini declared Gregorian chant the supreme model of sacred music, he lowered the age of First Communion, and he encouraged the faithful to receive the Eucharist frequently. His encyclical Pascendi Dominici Gregis mounted a vigorous defense of Catholic doctrine against Modernist errors.

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